Wednesday, March 6, 2013

Recent Reading

Here are some notes to self about books...(Being of a certain age, I'm having trouble keeping track, I should probably use a social bookmarking tool or something. In fact, I tend to leave browser windows open and then when they get closed by accident, I lose things.)

Just reading about Kris Nielson's  Children of the Core: Our Kids are at Risk.  A strong contrarian blog post. I think I'll order the book and see where he's coming from.

From there, I started reading Diane Ravitch's Blog. Her prose is so extreme that I find her writing less enchanting and less reasoned. Still, I'll follow her for awhile. Specifically, her "TFA award for hubris" post is just the sort of tone that keeps me from being interested in the diatribe crowd who has become so hostile and uninteresting.

BTW, here's the wikipedia write-up on her position: Ravitch critiqued the punitive uses of accountability to fire teachers and close schools, as well as replacing public schools with charter schools and relying on superstar teachers, in The Death and Life of the Great American School System: How Testing and Choice Undermine Education (2010). The book became a surprise best seller a month after its release. One reviewer wrote "Ravitch exhibits an interesting mix of support for public education and the rights of teachers to bargain collectively with a tough-mindedness that some on the pedagogical left lack."[9]
While she originally supported No Child Left Behind and charter schools, Ravitch later became "disillusioned," and wrote, "I no longer believe that either approach will produce the quantum improvement in American education that we all hope for." In the major national evaluation, 17% of charters got higher scores, 46% were no different, and 37% were significantly worse than public schools, she said. High-stakes testing, "utopian" goals, "draconian" penalties, school closings, privatization, and charter schools didn't work, she concluded. "The best predictor of low academic performance is poverty—not bad teachers."[10]
Ravitch said that the charter school and testing reform movement was started by "right wing think tanks like the Heritage Foundation," for the purpose of destroying public education and teachers' unions.[11]She reviewed the documentary Waiting for Superman, directed by Davis Guggenheim, as "propagandistic" (pro-charter schools and anti-public schools), studded with "myths" and at least one "flatly wrong" claim.[12] Of Education Secretary Arne Duncan's Race to the Top program, Ravitch said in a 2011 interview it "is an extension of No Child Left Behind ...[,] all bad ideas." She concluded "We are destroying our education system, blowing it up by these stupid policies. And handing the schools in low-income neighborhoods over to private entrepreneurs does not, in itself, improve them. There's plenty of evidence by now that the kids in those schools do no better, and it's simply a way of avoiding their - the public responsibility to provide good education."[13]
Her book The Language Police (2003) was a criticism of both left-wing and right-wing attempts to stifle the study and expression of views deemed unworthy by those groups. The Amazon.com review summarizes Ravitch's thesis as "pressure groups from the political right and left have wrested control of the language and content of textbooks and standardized exams, often at the expense of the truth (in the case of history), of literary quality (in the case of literature), and of education in general."[14] Publishers Weekly wrote: "Ravitch contends that these sanitized materials sacrifice literary quality and historical accuracy in order to escape controversy."[15]
Ravitch's writings on racial and cultural diversity were summarized by sociologist Vincent N. Parrillo:
[Ravitch] emphasized a common culture but one that incorporated the contributions of all racial and ethnic groups so that they can believe in their full membership in America’s past, present, and future. She envisioned elimination of allegiance to any specific racial and/or ethnic group, with emphasis instead on our common humanity, our shared national identity, and our individual accomplishments.
—Vincent N. Parrillo, Diversity in America[16]

I also just like reading teacher blogs. I spent an hour or so tonight just going from teacher to teacher blog...Listening to their daily thoughts...It's almost comforting that despite all the big thinking policy-makers, the inertia of the system prevents us from doing that much to change education.

For instance, for no particular reason, I just read: J'aime Holderbaum's blog (what a great pun she makes of her name).  Plus one about homeschooling online. And three more: homeschooling parents discussion forum, a non-religious homeschooling forum, and a high school homeschool resources site.
VocabularySpellingCity

Making Word Study FUN!

Sunday, March 3, 2013

Education at the Crossroads

I am a lifelong student and grew up in a family that discussed the nature of education as a routine dinner conversation. I went to public schools in the 60s and 70s and then an Ivy League school.  My career, mostly in high tech, took a fun turn a decade ago when I found myself needing to start a company (nobody would hire me, long story) and since then, I've run a pretty successful online tech company.  Since then, I've had a front road seat at the greatest historical show in town: the realtime debate and power struggle about what direction American education should take.

This blog is me trying to digest and analyze what I see.

Today, I read about this book: Children of the Core. I think I'll order it and see what this teacher has to say. From the blurb, it looks like a diatribe against the Common Core and the increased regimentation of education.  It sounds like it connects the increasing stress that teachers feel with the Common Core which is partially fair, partially unfair. Obviously, a switch in standards and educational goals means that education and educators, who mostly don't change, have to change.  Much bleating and complaining.  Not necessarily significant or not.

Here's my thoughts on what trends I see. To be clear, these are notes, not a finished essay.

Much as I tend to dislike all things Bush, I feel that the NCLB legislation was an important but imperfect step forward. It moved the quality of education to front and center in the American experience and out of the stagnant backwater that it had become. By imposing significant achievement tests into the system, it ended the decades of "happy talk" where everyone talked about progress and found stats to say it was happening when the reality was the opposite.  In terms of the worst things that it did, the simple pass/fail metric created the dysfunction that teachers tend to sort their students out early in the year into three categories: the kids who will pass, the kids who will fail, and the kids who might pass.  Then, they focus on the kids who might pass.  This isn't what all teachers do but many do. It's the most negative of all the "teach to the test" behaviors that I've seen. I've even seen vendors who sell systems that help teachers do this sort which gets sold at the school and district levels.

Changes in governance. Many of the largest school systems in the country have had a change in governance in which the amateurish schools boards get replaced by direct governance by the elected officials. I for one am mostly in favor of this.  I've seen how well-meaning and ineffective school boards can be.

Changes in teachers. A huge number of the current teaching force are in the later stages of their careers.  Many are very union-oriented and uncomfortable with any sense that they should be measured and paid by their performance. Their mentality has not changed with the times.  I feel bad for them but so it goes. A very big change is the introduction of the Teach for America teams into the ranks of some schools and now, through-out the educational ecosystem. They have a can-do must-do attitude about educating the next generation. They don't have all the answers but they do ask all the right questions.

Curriculum. This is still a stagnant confused area. I think the Common Core is a big step forward with it's emphasis on informational texts, higher order thinking skills, away from mechanics, and on writing clearly.  But, it ignored a number of curriculum questions that I think need attention:
- high school math curriculum.  Teaching quadratic equations and calculus seems to me a big waste of time. It's up there with Latin in terms of teaching hard things for the sake of teaching hard irrelevant things. Why not replace it with more useful topics like computer programming, algorithm design, logic, statistics, financial analysis, and data analysis?
- Reading and phonics. It totally side-stepped this set of issues leaving us (which is fine) in a primarily phonics-oriented educational system. It also side-stepped the fact that the biggest reform that is needed is to maintain the progress in kids learning to read.  And how learning to read is related to (necessary for and reinforced by) the rest of the curriculum.

Interest-led education...
technology...tools and skills....
skills needed for employment...
homeschooling...
cost and irrelevance of college...numbers game gone weird.....

Monday, July 2, 2012

Zynga API

Should we consider the Zynga API for our social games on VSC?  What's the cost?


The Zynga API will allow third-party game developers to take advantage of Zynga’s technology and servers, which the company said are strong enough to allow the company to release 1,000 new features to its games in a given week. The Zynga API will allow gaming companies to build their own games on top of Zynga’s technology, enhancing online gaming opportunities for smaller startups.
“Now third parties will be able to focus on what they do best. Enjoy and create beautiful games,” said Kostadis Roussos, chief engineer at Zynga.


Zynga has introduced several new components to zCloud, starting with the Active Social Network (ASN), which Roussos characterized as the "true barometer of social," counting how many people are actively playing with each other. He posited that this science helps Zynga build features for its users that are both social and fun.
Other features include "Matchmaking," connecting Zynga's 290 million monthly players, and "Optimized Game Mechanics," which includes a brand new architecture, codenamed "Darwin," that cuts software requirements in half. Roussos exclaimed that this asset, in particular, is like "magic" because it makes the platform more robust and efficient at the same time.

Sunday, July 1, 2012

Apps for education

There is an Apple site with descriptions of apps for education.
Private review sites:
Iear - This site is dedicated to ed app reviews, "A Community Effort to Grade Ed Apps"
Teach Hub - One review of 20.
Reg Swanson's blog about educational apps and how to use them. 827 followers
Interaction Education - emailed 7/1
Apps for Children with Special Needs
Fun Educational Apps

Applicious - General app site, something on education


Help Implementing Grammar Checker / Writing Evaluator


Help Implementing Grammar Checker / Writing Evaluator

I run a small online education company that is eager to implement some level of automated writing evaluation to help with instruction and evaluation on a few of our educational services (
VocabSpellingCity.com, Time4Writing.com, Time4Learning.com).  

Specifically, we would like to implement a technology to assess and provide specific feedback on the quality of student writing such as:
- Grammar mechanics: proper construction of sentences (subject, verb, final punctuation)
- Basic mechanics such as capitalization, subject-verb agreement (tense, plural, etc), consistency on plural and singular
- Advanced mechanics such as prepositional phrases, sentences of appropriate length, nuances of word choice, avoiding awkward, ineffective, or unclear writing
- Writing quality: vocabulary usage, organization, development  

We are looking for an individual or team to provide us with guidance and implementation,  

BTW, I've checked with the Kaggle team as to whether it is OK to post here with this request for contacts and got approval. If you are interested, I'm mayor at spellingcity dot com.  

AWE - automated writing evaluators

I'm on the hunt for some technology and some consulting help to implement a grammar checker for the student writing materials on VocabularySpellingCity.com and for broad use with Time4Writing.com (web-based writing tutorials).

Right now, I'm following up on an HP-sponsored competition on automated writing evaluators over at Kaggle.com.  The question ansd answer there quickly led me to the ETS Section on Automated Scoring of Writing Quality.

My RFP is for technology to assess and provide specific feedback on the quality of student writing such as:

  1. grammar mechanics: proper construction of sentences (subject, verb, final punctuation)    
  2. Basic mechanics such as capitalization,  subject-verb agreement (tense, plural, etc), consistency on plural and singular
  3. Advanced mechanics such as prepositional phrases, sentences of appropriate length, nuances of word choice, avoiding awkward, ineffective, or unclear writing
  4. Writing quality: vocabulary usage, organization, development

ETC says (and I quote from http://www.ets.org/research/topics/as_nlp/writing_quality,  they have "an active research agenda to develop linguistic features suitable for modeling aspects of meaning structure in essay-length responses, such as:
  • metrics of text coherence
  • the use of supporting facts from external sources
  • the writer's stance toward the material presented
  • the identification of particular topics addressed in the response

Featured Publications

Below are some recent or significant publications that our researchers have authored on the subject of automated scoring of writing quality.

2012

2010

2009

2008

2006

2005

  • Online Assessment in Writing
    N. Horkay, R. E. Bennett, N. Allen, & B. Kaplan
    Online Assessment in Mathematics and Writing: Reports from the NAEP Technology-Based Assessment Project
    NCES Report No. 2005-457
    U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
    The 2002 Writing Online (WOL) study is the second of three field investigations in the Technology-Based Assessment project, which explores the use of new technology in administering the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Learn more or download the full report.

2003

Writing Evualators - Old Notes


There is a set of automated checkers which are a standard tool on most word processors, even on phones.

They are useful tools that could/should be made available in courses for people to learn how to use them.  They also provide a huge time savings for teachers to give  good (but not necessarily perfect) feedback to students on their writing.

This is very relevant to T4W and VSC. There are three overlapping types:
- simple spelling checkers. Checks if the word is in the Dictionary.
- grammar checkers. What this checks is an open question in my mind. Word certainly checks if there is a noun and a verb, if they agree, and if a word is repeated. What else?
- automated writing evaluators. Used to grade many standardized tests. Doesn’t statistically do worse than human testers.

Papers on the topic:


Grammar Checkers ( There are probably more!):
-          http://www.link.cs.cmu.edu/link/,
-          http://www.languagetool.org/

Educationally Oriented:
-          WPP from ERB https://www.wpponline.com/Home/Welcome
-          Vantage MyAccess http://www.myaccess.com/myaccess/do/log
-          Criterion from ETA http://www.ets.org/criterion


Consumer Oriented: